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托福英语语法指南—从属连词

复合句是TOEEL考题的基本句子结构,因而连接主句和从句的连接词就成为重要的命题焦点。TOEEL常考的从属连词分三类:

  (1)关系代词(that, which ,what who. Whose

  (2)关系副词(where when why how

  (3)状语从句连接词(where, when, if, though, because...)有关从属连词的试题大部分集中在Structure 115题中)掌握命题规律,这类题目并不复杂。从属连词常考题型及解题要点

  1、主句与从句之间必须有从属连词

  全真例题分析

  (1The spiral threads of a spider's web have a sticky substance on them ------- insects.

  (A traps

  (B trap its

  (C which traps

  (D which it traps 92.1

  [答案] C定语从句关系代词which引导从句,且在从句中作主语。

  (2Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ------- higher plants can survive.

  (A there

  (B wherever

  (C somewhere

  (D then 92.5

  [答案] B空格前后为两个完整的句子,这里应填入连接词联系主从两句。四个选择只有wherever是连词,引导地点状语从句。

  (3Duke Wellington was a composer. Conductor, and pianist ------ ranked as one of the greatest of all jazz figures.

  (A him

  (B although

  (C or

  (D who 92.10

  [答案] D关系代词who引导定语从句,并作从句的主语。

  (4-------. Some of the Earth*s interior heat escapes to the surface.

  (A A volcano erupts

  (B A volcano whether erupts

  (C A volcano erupts it

  (D If a volcano erupts 93.5

  [答案] D从属连词引导条件状语从句。

  2、关系代词whowhich混淆错用

  解题要点:在written Expression 16-40题)中的四个选择答案中出现who或者which,应确认它所指代的是人还是物。

  全直例题分析

  (1Fossil remains indicate that squidlike creatures called belemnites swam in the sea who covered the North American continent 70 million years ago. 94.5

  [答案] C关系代词who指代的是sea,因此应用指物的whichthat

  (2Vaccines for some rare diseases are given only to persons which risk exposure to the disease. 93.1

  [答案] B关系代词which指代前面的persons,应改为人称关系代词who

  (3Anne Elizabeth McDowell is best remembered for a weekly journal, the Woman*s D whose 88.10

  [答案] B what = the thing that...

  (4 Essentially, a theory is an abstract. Symbolic representation of ------- reality.

  (A what it is conceived

  (B that is conceived

  (C what is conceived to be

  (D that is being conceived of 89.5

  [答案] C what = the thing that is conceived to be... .答案(A)中的代词it是多余的,因为what本身即已包含了先行词(the thing )和关系代词(that)。答案(B)中的关系代词that引导的从句不可以置于介词的后面。

  (5 Most of the food what elephants eat is brought to their mouths by their trunks. 93.10

  [答案] B what应改为that。此句已含有先行词food,不能再用关系代词what

  3、ily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">  全真例题分析

  (1 ------- xenon could not from chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.

  (A For

  (B It was

  (C That

  体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">) While 91.1

  [答案] C That引导的主语从句。其中第一个谓语动词could from是从句的谓语,第二个系动was是主句的谓语。

  (2 ------- to space travelers is high acceleration of deceleration forces.

  (A Danger can be

  (B They can be dangerous

  (C What can be dangerous

  (D While danger 93.1

  [答案] C what引导的主语从句。What既是从句的连词,又是从句的主语。

  (3 ------- has been a topic of continual geological research.

  (A Did the continents originate

  (B How did the continents originate

  (C Have the continents originated

  (D How the continents originated (体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)

  [答案] D How引导的主语从句。

  (4 ------- progress helps to relieve scarcities is a fact accepted by economists.

  (A Technological

  (B That technological

  (CAlthough technological

  (DThere is technological

  [答案] B. That引导的主语从句,当连续读到两个谓语动词(e.g. Helps...is),而空格在句首,应首先考虑主语从句。